File: globals.rdoc [Ruby 2.3.4]

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    Pre-defined variables ↑

    $!

    The exception information message set by ‘raise’.

    $@

    Array of backtrace of the last exception thrown.

    $&

    The string matched by the last successful match.

    $`

    The string to the left of the last successful match.

    $‘

    The string to the right of the last successful match.

    $+

    The highest group matched by the last successful match.

    $1

    The Nth group of the last successful match. May be > 1.

    $~

    The information about the last match in the current scope.

    $=

    The flag for case insensitive, nil by default.

    $/

    The input record separator, newline by default.

    $\

    The output record separator for the print and IO#write. Default is nil.

    $,

    The output field separator for the print and Array#join.

    $;

    The default separator for String#split.

    $.

    The current input line number of the last file that was read.

    $<

    The virtual concatenation file of the files given on command line (or from $stdin if no files were given).

    $>

    The default output for print, printf. $stdout by default.

    $_

    The last input line of string by gets or readline.

    $0

    Contains the name of the script being executed. May be assignable.

    $*

    Command line arguments given for the script sans args.

    $$

    The process number of the Ruby running this script.

    $?

    The status of the last executed child process. This value is thread-local.

    $:

    Load path for scripts and binary modules by load or require.

    $“

    The array contains the module names loaded by require.

    $DEBUG

    The debug flag, which is set by the -d switch. Enabling debug output prints each exception raised to $stderr (but not its backtrace). Setting this to a true value enables debug output as if -d were given on the command line. Setting this to a false value disables debug output.

    $LOADED_FEATURES

    The alias to the $“.

    $FILENAME

    Current input file from $<. Same as $<.filename.

    $LOAD_PATH

    The alias to the $:.

    $stderr

    The current standard error output.

    $stdin

    The current standard input.

    $stdout

    The current standard output.

    $VERBOSE

    The verbose flag, which is set by the -w or -v switch. Setting this to a true value enables warnings as if -w or -v were given on the command line. Setting this to nil disables warnings, including from Kernel#warn.

    $-0

    The alias to $/.

    $-a

    True if option -a is set. Read-only variable.

    $-d

    The alias of $DEBUG. See $DEBUG above for further discussion.

    $-F

    The alias to $;.

    $-i

    In in-place-edit mode, this variable holds the extension, otherwise nil.

    $-I

    The alias to $:.

    $-l

    True if option -l is set. Read-only variable.

    $-p

    True if option -p is set. Read-only variable.

    $-v

    An alias of $VERBOSE. See $VERBOSE above for further discussion.

    $-w

    An alias of $VERBOSE. See $VERBOSE above for further discussion.

    Pre-defined global constants ↑

    TRUE

    The typical true value.

    FALSE

    The false itself.

    NIL

    The nil itself.

    STDIN

    The standard input. The default value for $stdin.

    STDOUT

    The standard output. The default value for $stdout.

    STDERR

    The standard error output. The default value for $stderr.

    ENV

    The hash contains current environment variables.

    ARGF

    The alias to the $<.

    ARGV

    The alias to the $*.

    DATA

    The file object of the script, pointing just after __END__.

    RUBY_VERSION

    The ruby version string (VERSION was deprecated).

    RUBY_RELEASE_DATE

    The release date string.

    RUBY_PLATFORM

    The platform identifier.