ipv6 - ActiveState ActiveGo 1.8
...

Package ipv6

import "golang.org/x/net/ipv6"
Overview
Index
Examples

Overview ▾

Package ipv6 implements IP-level socket options for the Internet Protocol version 6.

The package provides IP-level socket options that allow manipulation of IPv6 facilities.

The IPv6 protocol is defined in RFC 2460. Socket interface extensions are defined in RFC 3493, RFC 3542 and RFC 3678. MLDv1 and MLDv2 are defined in RFC 2710 and RFC 3810. Source-specific multicast is defined in RFC 4607.

On Darwin, this package requires OS X Mavericks version 10.9 or above, or equivalent.

Unicasting

The options for unicasting are available for net.TCPConn, net.UDPConn and net.IPConn which are created as network connections that use the IPv6 transport. When a single TCP connection carrying a data flow of multiple packets needs to indicate the flow is important, Conn is used to set the traffic class field on the IPv6 header for each packet.

ln, err := net.Listen("tcp6", "[::]:1024")
if err != nil {
	// error handling
}
defer ln.Close()
for {
	c, err := ln.Accept()
	if err != nil {
		// error handling
	}
	go func(c net.Conn) {
		defer c.Close()

The outgoing packets will be labeled DiffServ assured forwarding class 1 low drop precedence, known as AF11 packets.

		if err := ipv6.NewConn(c).SetTrafficClass(0x28); err != nil {
			// error handling
		}
		if _, err := c.Write(data); err != nil {
			// error handling
		}
	}(c)
}

Multicasting

The options for multicasting are available for net.UDPConn and net.IPconn which are created as network connections that use the IPv6 transport. A few network facilities must be prepared before you begin multicasting, at a minimum joining network interfaces and multicast groups.

en0, err := net.InterfaceByName("en0")
if err != nil {
	// error handling
}
en1, err := net.InterfaceByIndex(911)
if err != nil {
	// error handling
}
group := net.ParseIP("ff02::114")

First, an application listens to an appropriate address with an appropriate service port.

c, err := net.ListenPacket("udp6", "[::]:1024")
if err != nil {
	// error handling
}
defer c.Close()

Second, the application joins multicast groups, starts listening to the groups on the specified network interfaces. Note that the service port for transport layer protocol does not matter with this operation as joining groups affects only network and link layer protocols, such as IPv6 and Ethernet.

p := ipv6.NewPacketConn(c)
if err := p.JoinGroup(en0, &net.UDPAddr{IP: group}); err != nil {
	// error handling
}
if err := p.JoinGroup(en1, &net.UDPAddr{IP: group}); err != nil {
	// error handling
}

The application might set per packet control message transmissions between the protocol stack within the kernel. When the application needs a destination address on an incoming packet, SetControlMessage of PacketConn is used to enable control message transmissions.

if err := p.SetControlMessage(ipv6.FlagDst, true); err != nil {
	// error handling
}

The application could identify whether the received packets are of interest by using the control message that contains the destination address of the received packet.

b := make([]byte, 1500)
for {
	n, rcm, src, err := p.ReadFrom(b)
	if err != nil {
		// error handling
	}
	if rcm.Dst.IsMulticast() {
		if rcm.Dst.Equal(group) {
			// joined group, do something
		} else {
			// unknown group, discard
			continue
		}
	}

The application can also send both unicast and multicast packets.

	p.SetTrafficClass(0x0)
	p.SetHopLimit(16)
	if _, err := p.WriteTo(data[:n], nil, src); err != nil {
		// error handling
	}
	dst := &net.UDPAddr{IP: group, Port: 1024}
	wcm := ipv6.ControlMessage{TrafficClass: 0xe0, HopLimit: 1}
	for _, ifi := range []*net.Interface{en0, en1} {
		wcm.IfIndex = ifi.Index
		if _, err := p.WriteTo(data[:n], &wcm, dst); err != nil {
			// error handling
		}
	}
}

More multicasting

An application that uses PacketConn may join multiple multicast groups. For example, a UDP listener with port 1024 might join two different groups across over two different network interfaces by using:

c, err := net.ListenPacket("udp6", "[::]:1024")
if err != nil {
	// error handling
}
defer c.Close()
p := ipv6.NewPacketConn(c)
if err := p.JoinGroup(en0, &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("ff02::1:114")}); err != nil {
	// error handling
}
if err := p.JoinGroup(en0, &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("ff02::2:114")}); err != nil {
	// error handling
}
if err := p.JoinGroup(en1, &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("ff02::2:114")}); err != nil {
	// error handling
}

It is possible for multiple UDP listeners that listen on the same UDP port to join the same multicast group. The net package will provide a socket that listens to a wildcard address with reusable UDP port when an appropriate multicast address prefix is passed to the net.ListenPacket or net.ListenUDP.

c1, err := net.ListenPacket("udp6", "[ff02::]:1024")
if err != nil {
	// error handling
}
defer c1.Close()
c2, err := net.ListenPacket("udp6", "[ff02::]:1024")
if err != nil {
	// error handling
}
defer c2.Close()
p1 := ipv6.NewPacketConn(c1)
if err := p1.JoinGroup(en0, &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("ff02::114")}); err != nil {
	// error handling
}
p2 := ipv6.NewPacketConn(c2)
if err := p2.JoinGroup(en0, &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("ff02::114")}); err != nil {
	// error handling
}

Also it is possible for the application to leave or rejoin a multicast group on the network interface.

if err := p.LeaveGroup(en0, &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("ff02::114")}); err != nil {
	// error handling
}
if err := p.JoinGroup(en0, &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("ff01::114")}); err != nil {
	// error handling
}

Source-specific multicasting

An application that uses PacketConn on MLDv2 supported platform is able to join source-specific multicast groups. The application may use JoinSourceSpecificGroup and LeaveSourceSpecificGroup for the operation known as "include" mode,

ssmgroup := net.UDPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("ff32::8000:9")}
ssmsource := net.UDPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("fe80::cafe")}
if err := p.JoinSourceSpecificGroup(en0, &ssmgroup, &ssmsource); err != nil {
	// error handling
}
if err := p.LeaveSourceSpecificGroup(en0, &ssmgroup, &ssmsource); err != nil {
	// error handling
}

or JoinGroup, ExcludeSourceSpecificGroup, IncludeSourceSpecificGroup and LeaveGroup for the operation known as "exclude" mode.

exclsource := net.UDPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("fe80::dead")}
if err := p.JoinGroup(en0, &ssmgroup); err != nil {
	// error handling
}
if err := p.ExcludeSourceSpecificGroup(en0, &ssmgroup, &exclsource); err != nil {
	// error handling
}
if err := p.LeaveGroup(en0, &ssmgroup); err != nil {
	// error handling
}

Note that it depends on each platform implementation what happens when an application which runs on MLDv2 unsupported platform uses JoinSourceSpecificGroup and LeaveSourceSpecificGroup. In general the platform tries to fall back to conversations using MLDv1 and starts to listen to multicast traffic. In the fallback case, ExcludeSourceSpecificGroup and IncludeSourceSpecificGroup may return an error.

Index ▾

Constants
func NewControlMessage(cf ControlFlags) []byte
type Conn
    func NewConn(c net.Conn) *Conn
    func (c *Conn) HopLimit() (int, error)
    func (c *Conn) PathMTU() (int, error)
    func (c *Conn) SetHopLimit(hoplim int) error
    func (c *Conn) SetTrafficClass(tclass int) error
    func (c *Conn) TrafficClass() (int, error)
type ControlFlags
type ControlMessage
    func (cm *ControlMessage) Marshal() []byte
    func (cm *ControlMessage) Parse(b []byte) error
    func (cm *ControlMessage) String() string
type Header
    func ParseHeader(b []byte) (*Header, error)
    func (h *Header) String() string
type ICMPFilter
    func (f *ICMPFilter) Accept(typ ICMPType)
    func (f *ICMPFilter) Block(typ ICMPType)
    func (f *ICMPFilter) SetAll(block bool)
    func (f *ICMPFilter) WillBlock(typ ICMPType) bool
type ICMPType
    func (typ ICMPType) Protocol() int
    func (typ ICMPType) String() string
type PacketConn
    func NewPacketConn(c net.PacketConn) *PacketConn
    func (c *PacketConn) Checksum() (on bool, offset int, err error)
    func (c *PacketConn) Close() error
    func (c *PacketConn) ExcludeSourceSpecificGroup(ifi *net.Interface, group, source net.Addr) error
    func (c *PacketConn) HopLimit() (int, error)
    func (c *PacketConn) ICMPFilter() (*ICMPFilter, error)
    func (c *PacketConn) IncludeSourceSpecificGroup(ifi *net.Interface, group, source net.Addr) error
    func (c *PacketConn) JoinGroup(ifi *net.Interface, group net.Addr) error
    func (c *PacketConn) JoinSourceSpecificGroup(ifi *net.Interface, group, source net.Addr) error
    func (c *PacketConn) LeaveGroup(ifi *net.Interface, group net.Addr) error
    func (c *PacketConn) LeaveSourceSpecificGroup(ifi *net.Interface, group, source net.Addr) error
    func (c *PacketConn) MulticastHopLimit() (int, error)
    func (c *PacketConn) MulticastInterface() (*net.Interface, error)
    func (c *PacketConn) MulticastLoopback() (bool, error)
    func (c *PacketConn) ReadFrom(b []byte) (n int, cm *ControlMessage, src net.Addr, err error)
    func (c *PacketConn) SetBPF(filter []bpf.RawInstruction) error
    func (c *PacketConn) SetChecksum(on bool, offset int) error
    func (c *PacketConn) SetControlMessage(cf ControlFlags, on bool) error
    func (c *PacketConn) SetDeadline(t time.Time) error
    func (c *PacketConn) SetHopLimit(hoplim int) error
    func (c *PacketConn) SetICMPFilter(f *ICMPFilter) error
    func (c *PacketConn) SetMulticastHopLimit(hoplim int) error
    func (c *PacketConn) SetMulticastInterface(ifi *net.Interface) error
    func (c *PacketConn) SetMulticastLoopback(on bool) error
    func (c *PacketConn) SetReadDeadline(t time.Time) error
    func (c *PacketConn) SetTrafficClass(tclass int) error
    func (c *PacketConn) SetWriteDeadline(t time.Time) error
    func (c *PacketConn) TrafficClass() (int, error)
    func (c *PacketConn) WriteTo(b []byte, cm *ControlMessage, dst net.Addr) (n int, err error)
Bugs

Package files

control.go control_rfc2292_unix.go control_rfc3542_unix.go control_unix.go dgramopt.go doc.go endpoint.go genericopt.go header.go helper.go iana.go icmp.go icmp_bsd.go payload.go payload_cmsg.go payload_cmsg_go1_8.go sockopt.go sockopt_posix.go sys_asmreq.go sys_bpf_stub.go sys_darwin.go sys_ssmreq.go zsys_darwin.go

Constants

const (
    Version   = 6  // protocol version
    HeaderLen = 40 // header length
)

func NewControlMessage

func NewControlMessage(cf ControlFlags) []byte

NewControlMessage returns a new control message.

The returned message is large enough for options specified by cf.

type Conn

A Conn represents a network endpoint that uses IPv6 transport. It allows to set basic IP-level socket options such as traffic class and hop limit.

type Conn struct {
    // contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Example (MarkingTCP)

Code:

ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", "[::]:1024")
if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}
defer ln.Close()

for {
    c, err := ln.Accept()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    go func(c net.Conn) {
        defer c.Close()
        if c.RemoteAddr().(*net.TCPAddr).IP.To16() != nil && c.RemoteAddr().(*net.TCPAddr).IP.To4() == nil {
            p := ipv6.NewConn(c)
            if err := p.SetTrafficClass(0x28); err != nil { // DSCP AF11
                log.Fatal(err)
            }
            if err := p.SetHopLimit(128); err != nil {
                log.Fatal(err)
            }
        }
        if _, err := c.Write([]byte("HELLO-R-U-THERE-ACK")); err != nil {
            log.Fatal(err)
        }
    }(c)
}

func NewConn

func NewConn(c net.Conn) *Conn

NewConn returns a new Conn.

func (*Conn) HopLimit

func (c *Conn) HopLimit() (int, error)

HopLimit returns the hop limit field value for outgoing packets.

func (*Conn) PathMTU

func (c *Conn) PathMTU() (int, error)

PathMTU returns a path MTU value for the destination associated with the endpoint.

func (*Conn) SetHopLimit

func (c *Conn) SetHopLimit(hoplim int) error

SetHopLimit sets the hop limit field value for future outgoing packets.

func (*Conn) SetTrafficClass

func (c *Conn) SetTrafficClass(tclass int) error

SetTrafficClass sets the traffic class field value for future outgoing packets.

func (*Conn) TrafficClass

func (c *Conn) TrafficClass() (int, error)

TrafficClass returns the traffic class field value for outgoing packets.

type ControlFlags

A ControlFlags represents per packet basis IP-level socket option control flags.

type ControlFlags uint
const (
    FlagTrafficClass ControlFlags = 1 << iota // pass the traffic class on the received packet
    FlagHopLimit                              // pass the hop limit on the received packet
    FlagSrc                                   // pass the source address on the received packet
    FlagDst                                   // pass the destination address on the received packet
    FlagInterface                             // pass the interface index on the received packet
    FlagPathMTU                               // pass the path MTU on the received packet path
)

type ControlMessage

A ControlMessage represents per packet basis IP-level socket options.

type ControlMessage struct {
    // Receiving socket options: SetControlMessage allows to
    // receive the options from the protocol stack using ReadFrom
    // method of PacketConn.
    //
    // Specifying socket options: ControlMessage for WriteTo
    // method of PacketConn allows to send the options to the
    // protocol stack.
    //
    TrafficClass int    // traffic class, must be 1 <= value <= 255 when specifying
    HopLimit     int    // hop limit, must be 1 <= value <= 255 when specifying
    Src          net.IP // source address, specifying only
    Dst          net.IP // destination address, receiving only
    IfIndex      int    // interface index, must be 1 <= value when specifying
    NextHop      net.IP // next hop address, specifying only
    MTU          int    // path MTU, receiving only
}

func (*ControlMessage) Marshal

func (cm *ControlMessage) Marshal() []byte

Marshal returns the binary encoding of cm.

func (*ControlMessage) Parse

func (cm *ControlMessage) Parse(b []byte) error

Parse parses b as a control message and stores the result in cm.

func (*ControlMessage) String

func (cm *ControlMessage) String() string

A Header represents an IPv6 base header.

type Header struct {
    Version      int    // protocol version
    TrafficClass int    // traffic class
    FlowLabel    int    // flow label
    PayloadLen   int    // payload length
    NextHeader   int    // next header
    HopLimit     int    // hop limit
    Src          net.IP // source address
    Dst          net.IP // destination address
}

func ParseHeader

func ParseHeader(b []byte) (*Header, error)

ParseHeader parses b as an IPv6 base header.

func (*Header) String

func (h *Header) String() string

type ICMPFilter

An ICMPFilter represents an ICMP message filter for incoming packets. The filter belongs to a packet delivery path on a host and it cannot interact with forwarding packets or tunnel-outer packets.

Note: RFC 2460 defines a reasonable role model. A node means a device that implements IP. A router means a node that forwards IP packets not explicitly addressed to itself, and a host means a node that is not a router.

type ICMPFilter struct {
    // contains filtered or unexported fields
}

func (*ICMPFilter) Accept

func (f *ICMPFilter) Accept(typ ICMPType)

Accept accepts incoming ICMP packets including the type field value typ.

func (*ICMPFilter) Block

func (f *ICMPFilter) Block(typ ICMPType)

Block blocks incoming ICMP packets including the type field value typ.

func (*ICMPFilter) SetAll

func (f *ICMPFilter) SetAll(block bool)

SetAll sets the filter action to the filter.

func (*ICMPFilter) WillBlock

func (f *ICMPFilter) WillBlock(typ ICMPType) bool

WillBlock reports whether the ICMP type will be blocked.

type ICMPType

An ICMPType represents a type of ICMP message.

type ICMPType int

Internet Control Message Protocol version 6 (ICMPv6) Parameters, Updated: 2015-07-07

const (
    ICMPTypeDestinationUnreachable                ICMPType = 1   // Destination Unreachable
    ICMPTypePacketTooBig                          ICMPType = 2   // Packet Too Big
    ICMPTypeTimeExceeded                          ICMPType = 3   // Time Exceeded
    ICMPTypeParameterProblem                      ICMPType = 4   // Parameter Problem
    ICMPTypeEchoRequest                           ICMPType = 128 // Echo Request
    ICMPTypeEchoReply                             ICMPType = 129 // Echo Reply
    ICMPTypeMulticastListenerQuery                ICMPType = 130 // Multicast Listener Query
    ICMPTypeMulticastListenerReport               ICMPType = 131 // Multicast Listener Report
    ICMPTypeMulticastListenerDone                 ICMPType = 132 // Multicast Listener Done
    ICMPTypeRouterSolicitation                    ICMPType = 133 // Router Solicitation
    ICMPTypeRouterAdvertisement                   ICMPType = 134 // Router Advertisement
    ICMPTypeNeighborSolicitation                  ICMPType = 135 // Neighbor Solicitation
    ICMPTypeNeighborAdvertisement                 ICMPType = 136 // Neighbor Advertisement
    ICMPTypeRedirect                              ICMPType = 137 // Redirect Message
    ICMPTypeRouterRenumbering                     ICMPType = 138 // Router Renumbering
    ICMPTypeNodeInformationQuery                  ICMPType = 139 // ICMP Node Information Query
    ICMPTypeNodeInformationResponse               ICMPType = 140 // ICMP Node Information Response
    ICMPTypeInverseNeighborDiscoverySolicitation  ICMPType = 141 // Inverse Neighbor Discovery Solicitation Message
    ICMPTypeInverseNeighborDiscoveryAdvertisement ICMPType = 142 // Inverse Neighbor Discovery Advertisement Message
    ICMPTypeVersion2MulticastListenerReport       ICMPType = 143 // Version 2 Multicast Listener Report
    ICMPTypeHomeAgentAddressDiscoveryRequest      ICMPType = 144 // Home Agent Address Discovery Request Message
    ICMPTypeHomeAgentAddressDiscoveryReply        ICMPType = 145 // Home Agent Address Discovery Reply Message
    ICMPTypeMobilePrefixSolicitation              ICMPType = 146 // Mobile Prefix Solicitation
    ICMPTypeMobilePrefixAdvertisement             ICMPType = 147 // Mobile Prefix Advertisement
    ICMPTypeCertificationPathSolicitation         ICMPType = 148 // Certification Path Solicitation Message
    ICMPTypeCertificationPathAdvertisement        ICMPType = 149 // Certification Path Advertisement Message
    ICMPTypeMulticastRouterAdvertisement          ICMPType = 151 // Multicast Router Advertisement
    ICMPTypeMulticastRouterSolicitation           ICMPType = 152 // Multicast Router Solicitation
    ICMPTypeMulticastRouterTermination            ICMPType = 153 // Multicast Router Termination
    ICMPTypeFMIPv6                                ICMPType = 154 // FMIPv6 Messages
    ICMPTypeRPLControl                            ICMPType = 155 // RPL Control Message
    ICMPTypeILNPv6LocatorUpdate                   ICMPType = 156 // ILNPv6 Locator Update Message
    ICMPTypeDuplicateAddressRequest               ICMPType = 157 // Duplicate Address Request
    ICMPTypeDuplicateAddressConfirmation          ICMPType = 158 // Duplicate Address Confirmation
    ICMPTypeMPLControl                            ICMPType = 159 // MPL Control Message
)

func (ICMPType) Protocol

func (typ ICMPType) Protocol() int

Protocol returns the ICMPv6 protocol number.

func (ICMPType) String

func (typ ICMPType) String() string

type PacketConn

A PacketConn represents a packet network endpoint that uses IPv6 transport. It is used to control several IP-level socket options including IPv6 header manipulation. It also provides datagram based network I/O methods specific to the IPv6 and higher layer protocols such as OSPF, GRE, and UDP.

type PacketConn struct {
    // contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Example (AdvertisingOSPFHello)

Code:

c, err := net.ListenPacket("ip6:89", "::") // OSPF for IPv6
if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}
defer c.Close()
p := ipv6.NewPacketConn(c)

en0, err := net.InterfaceByName("en0")
if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}
allSPFRouters := net.IPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("ff02::5")}
if err := p.JoinGroup(en0, &allSPFRouters); err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}
defer p.LeaveGroup(en0, &allSPFRouters)

hello := make([]byte, 24) // fake hello data, you need to implement this
ospf := make([]byte, 16)  // fake ospf header, you need to implement this
ospf[0] = 3               // version 3
ospf[1] = 1               // hello packet
ospf = append(ospf, hello...)
if err := p.SetChecksum(true, 12); err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}

cm := ipv6.ControlMessage{
    TrafficClass: 0xc0, // DSCP CS6
    HopLimit:     1,
    IfIndex:      en0.Index,
}
if _, err := p.WriteTo(ospf, &cm, &allSPFRouters); err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}

Example (ServingOneShotMulticastDNS)

Code:

c, err := net.ListenPacket("udp6", "[::]:5353") // mDNS over UDP
if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}
defer c.Close()
p := ipv6.NewPacketConn(c)

en0, err := net.InterfaceByName("en0")
if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}
mDNSLinkLocal := net.UDPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("ff02::fb")}
if err := p.JoinGroup(en0, &mDNSLinkLocal); err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}
defer p.LeaveGroup(en0, &mDNSLinkLocal)
if err := p.SetControlMessage(ipv6.FlagDst|ipv6.FlagInterface, true); err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}

var wcm ipv6.ControlMessage
b := make([]byte, 1500)
for {
    _, rcm, peer, err := p.ReadFrom(b)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    if !rcm.Dst.IsMulticast() || !rcm.Dst.Equal(mDNSLinkLocal.IP) {
        continue
    }
    wcm.IfIndex = rcm.IfIndex
    answers := []byte("FAKE-MDNS-ANSWERS") // fake mDNS answers, you need to implement this
    if _, err := p.WriteTo(answers, &wcm, peer); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
}

Example (TracingIPPacketRoute)

Code:

// Tracing an IP packet route to www.google.com.

const host = "www.google.com"
ips, err := net.LookupIP(host)
if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}
var dst net.IPAddr
for _, ip := range ips {
    if ip.To16() != nil && ip.To4() == nil {
        dst.IP = ip
        fmt.Printf("using %v for tracing an IP packet route to %s\n", dst.IP, host)
        break
    }
}
if dst.IP == nil {
    log.Fatal("no AAAA record found")
}

c, err := net.ListenPacket("ip6:58", "::") // ICMP for IPv6
if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}
defer c.Close()
p := ipv6.NewPacketConn(c)

if err := p.SetControlMessage(ipv6.FlagHopLimit|ipv6.FlagSrc|ipv6.FlagDst|ipv6.FlagInterface, true); err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}
wm := icmp.Message{
    Type: ipv6.ICMPTypeEchoRequest, Code: 0,
    Body: &icmp.Echo{
        ID:   os.Getpid() & 0xffff,
        Data: []byte("HELLO-R-U-THERE"),
    },
}
var f ipv6.ICMPFilter
f.SetAll(true)
f.Accept(ipv6.ICMPTypeTimeExceeded)
f.Accept(ipv6.ICMPTypeEchoReply)
if err := p.SetICMPFilter(&f); err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}

var wcm ipv6.ControlMessage
rb := make([]byte, 1500)
for i := 1; i <= 64; i++ { // up to 64 hops
    wm.Body.(*icmp.Echo).Seq = i
    wb, err := wm.Marshal(nil)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    // In the real world usually there are several
    // multiple traffic-engineered paths for each hop.
    // You may need to probe a few times to each hop.
    begin := time.Now()
    wcm.HopLimit = i
    if _, err := p.WriteTo(wb, &wcm, &dst); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    if err := p.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(3 * time.Second)); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    n, rcm, peer, err := p.ReadFrom(rb)
    if err != nil {
        if err, ok := err.(net.Error); ok && err.Timeout() {
            fmt.Printf("%v\t*\n", i)
            continue
        }
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    rm, err := icmp.ParseMessage(58, rb[:n])
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    rtt := time.Since(begin)

    // In the real world you need to determine whether the
    // received message is yours using ControlMessage.Src,
    // ControlMesage.Dst, icmp.Echo.ID and icmp.Echo.Seq.
    switch rm.Type {
    case ipv6.ICMPTypeTimeExceeded:
        names, _ := net.LookupAddr(peer.String())
        fmt.Printf("%d\t%v %+v %v\n\t%+v\n", i, peer, names, rtt, rcm)
    case ipv6.ICMPTypeEchoReply:
        names, _ := net.LookupAddr(peer.String())
        fmt.Printf("%d\t%v %+v %v\n\t%+v\n", i, peer, names, rtt, rcm)
        return
    }
}

func NewPacketConn

func NewPacketConn(c net.PacketConn) *PacketConn

NewPacketConn returns a new PacketConn using c as its underlying transport.

func (*PacketConn) Checksum

func (c *PacketConn) Checksum() (on bool, offset int, err error)

Checksum reports whether the kernel will compute, store or verify a checksum for both incoming and outgoing packets. If on is true, it returns an offset in bytes into the data of where the checksum field is located.

func (*PacketConn) Close

func (c *PacketConn) Close() error

Close closes the endpoint.

func (*PacketConn) ExcludeSourceSpecificGroup

func (c *PacketConn) ExcludeSourceSpecificGroup(ifi *net.Interface, group, source net.Addr) error

ExcludeSourceSpecificGroup excludes the source-specific group from the already joined any-source groups by JoinGroup on the interface ifi.

func (*PacketConn) HopLimit

func (c *PacketConn) HopLimit() (int, error)

HopLimit returns the hop limit field value for outgoing packets.

func (*PacketConn) ICMPFilter

func (c *PacketConn) ICMPFilter() (*ICMPFilter, error)

ICMPFilter returns an ICMP filter.

func (*PacketConn) IncludeSourceSpecificGroup

func (c *PacketConn) IncludeSourceSpecificGroup(ifi *net.Interface, group, source net.Addr) error

IncludeSourceSpecificGroup includes the excluded source-specific group by ExcludeSourceSpecificGroup again on the interface ifi.

func (*PacketConn) JoinGroup

func (c *PacketConn) JoinGroup(ifi *net.Interface, group net.Addr) error

JoinGroup joins the group address group on the interface ifi. By default all sources that can cast data to group are accepted. It's possible to mute and unmute data transmission from a specific source by using ExcludeSourceSpecificGroup and IncludeSourceSpecificGroup. JoinGroup uses the system assigned multicast interface when ifi is nil, although this is not recommended because the assignment depends on platforms and sometimes it might require routing configuration.

func (*PacketConn) JoinSourceSpecificGroup

func (c *PacketConn) JoinSourceSpecificGroup(ifi *net.Interface, group, source net.Addr) error

JoinSourceSpecificGroup joins the source-specific group comprising group and source on the interface ifi. JoinSourceSpecificGroup uses the system assigned multicast interface when ifi is nil, although this is not recommended because the assignment depends on platforms and sometimes it might require routing configuration.

func (*PacketConn) LeaveGroup

func (c *PacketConn) LeaveGroup(ifi *net.Interface, group net.Addr) error

LeaveGroup leaves the group address group on the interface ifi regardless of whether the group is any-source group or source-specific group.

func (*PacketConn) LeaveSourceSpecificGroup

func (c *PacketConn) LeaveSourceSpecificGroup(ifi *net.Interface, group, source net.Addr) error

LeaveSourceSpecificGroup leaves the source-specific group on the interface ifi.

func (*PacketConn) MulticastHopLimit

func (c *PacketConn) MulticastHopLimit() (int, error)

MulticastHopLimit returns the hop limit field value for outgoing multicast packets.

func (*PacketConn) MulticastInterface

func (c *PacketConn) MulticastInterface() (*net.Interface, error)

MulticastInterface returns the default interface for multicast packet transmissions.

func (*PacketConn) MulticastLoopback

func (c *PacketConn) MulticastLoopback() (bool, error)

MulticastLoopback reports whether transmitted multicast packets should be copied and send back to the originator.

func (*PacketConn) ReadFrom

func (c *PacketConn) ReadFrom(b []byte) (n int, cm *ControlMessage, src net.Addr, err error)

ReadFrom reads a payload of the received IPv6 datagram, from the endpoint c, copying the payload into b. It returns the number of bytes copied into b, the control message cm and the source address src of the received datagram.

func (*PacketConn) SetBPF

func (c *PacketConn) SetBPF(filter []bpf.RawInstruction) error

SetBPF attaches a BPF program to the connection.

Only supported on Linux.

func (*PacketConn) SetChecksum

func (c *PacketConn) SetChecksum(on bool, offset int) error

SetChecksum enables the kernel checksum processing. If on is ture, the offset should be an offset in bytes into the data of where the checksum field is located.

func (*PacketConn) SetControlMessage

func (c *PacketConn) SetControlMessage(cf ControlFlags, on bool) error

SetControlMessage allows to receive the per packet basis IP-level socket options.

func (*PacketConn) SetDeadline

func (c *PacketConn) SetDeadline(t time.Time) error

SetDeadline sets the read and write deadlines associated with the endpoint.

func (*PacketConn) SetHopLimit

func (c *PacketConn) SetHopLimit(hoplim int) error

SetHopLimit sets the hop limit field value for future outgoing packets.

func (*PacketConn) SetICMPFilter

func (c *PacketConn) SetICMPFilter(f *ICMPFilter) error

SetICMPFilter deploys the ICMP filter.

func (*PacketConn) SetMulticastHopLimit

func (c *PacketConn) SetMulticastHopLimit(hoplim int) error

SetMulticastHopLimit sets the hop limit field value for future outgoing multicast packets.

func (*PacketConn) SetMulticastInterface

func (c *PacketConn) SetMulticastInterface(ifi *net.Interface) error

SetMulticastInterface sets the default interface for future multicast packet transmissions.

func (*PacketConn) SetMulticastLoopback

func (c *PacketConn) SetMulticastLoopback(on bool) error

SetMulticastLoopback sets whether transmitted multicast packets should be copied and send back to the originator.

func (*PacketConn) SetReadDeadline

func (c *PacketConn) SetReadDeadline(t time.Time) error

SetReadDeadline sets the read deadline associated with the endpoint.

func (*PacketConn) SetTrafficClass

func (c *PacketConn) SetTrafficClass(tclass int) error

SetTrafficClass sets the traffic class field value for future outgoing packets.

func (*PacketConn) SetWriteDeadline

func (c *PacketConn) SetWriteDeadline(t time.Time) error

SetWriteDeadline sets the write deadline associated with the endpoint.

func (*PacketConn) TrafficClass

func (c *PacketConn) TrafficClass() (int, error)

TrafficClass returns the traffic class field value for outgoing packets.

func (*PacketConn) WriteTo

func (c *PacketConn) WriteTo(b []byte, cm *ControlMessage, dst net.Addr) (n int, err error)

WriteTo writes a payload of the IPv6 datagram, to the destination address dst through the endpoint c, copying the payload from b. It returns the number of bytes written. The control message cm allows the IPv6 header fields and the datagram path to be specified. The cm may be nil if control of the outgoing datagram is not required.

Bugs

  • This package is not implemented on NaCl and Plan 9.

  • On Windows, the JoinSourceSpecificGroup, LeaveSourceSpecificGroup, ExcludeSourceSpecificGroup and IncludeSourceSpecificGroup methods of PacketConn are not implemented.

  • On Windows, methods related to ICMPFilter are not implemented.

  • On Windows, the ControlMessage for ReadFrom and WriteTo methods of PacketConn is not implemented.