TAP::Parser
- NAME
- VERSION
- SYNOPSIS
- DESCRIPTION
- METHODS
- INDIVIDUAL RESULTS
- Result types
- Common type methods
- plan methods
- pragma methods
- comment methods
- bailout methods
- unknown methods
- test methods
- TOTAL RESULTS
- CALLBACKS
- TAP GRAMMAR
- BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY
- SUBCLASSING
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
- AUTHORS
- BUGS
- COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
NAME
TAP::Parser - Parse TAP output
VERSION
Version 3.36
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TAP::Parser
is designed to produce a proper parse of TAP output. For
an example of how to run tests through this module, see the simple
harnesses examples/
.
There's a wiki dedicated to the Test Anything Protocol:
It includes the TAP::Parser Cookbook:
http://testanything.org/testing-with-tap/perl/tap::parser-cookbook.html
METHODS
Class Methods
new
- my $parser = TAP::Parser->new(\%args);
Returns a new TAP::Parser
object.
The arguments should be a hashref with one of the following keys:
source
CHANGED in 3.18
This is the preferred method of passing input to the constructor.
The
source
is used to create a TAP::Parser::Source that is passed to the iterator_factory_class which in turn figures out how to handle the source and creates a <TAP::Parser::Iterator> for it. The iterator is used by the parser to read in the TAP stream.To configure the IteratorFactory use the
sources
parameter below.Note that
source
,tap
andexec
are mutually exclusive.tap
CHANGED in 3.18
The value should be the complete TAP output.
The tap is used to create a TAP::Parser::Source that is passed to the iterator_factory_class which in turn figures out how to handle the source and creates a <TAP::Parser::Iterator> for it. The iterator is used by the parser to read in the TAP stream.
To configure the IteratorFactory use the
sources
parameter below.Note that
source
,tap
andexec
are mutually exclusive.exec
Must be passed an array reference.
The exec array ref is used to create a TAP::Parser::Source that is passed to the iterator_factory_class which in turn figures out how to handle the source and creates a <TAP::Parser::Iterator> for it. The iterator is used by the parser to read in the TAP stream.
By default the TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Executable class will create a TAP::Parser::Iterator::Process object to handle the source. This passes the array reference strings as command arguments to IPC::Open3::open3:
- exec => [ '/usr/bin/ruby', 't/my_test.rb' ]
If any
test_args
are given they will be appended to the end of the command argument list.To configure the IteratorFactory use the
sources
parameter below.Note that
source
,tap
andexec
are mutually exclusive.
The following keys are optional.
sources
NEW to 3.18.
If set,
sources
must be a hashref containing the names of the TAP::Parser::SourceHandlers to load and/or configure. The values are a hash of configuration that will be accessible to the source handlers via config_for in TAP::Parser::Source.For example:
- sources => {
- Perl => { exec => '/path/to/custom/perl' },
- File => { extensions => [ '.tap', '.txt' ] },
- MyCustom => { some => 'config' },
- }
This will cause
TAP::Parser
to pass custom configuration to two of the built- in source handlers - TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Perl, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::File - and attempt to load theMyCustom
class. See load_handlers in TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory for more detail.The
sources
parameter affects howsource
,tap
andexec
parameters are handled.See TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler and subclasses for more details.
callback
If present, each callback corresponding to a given result type will be called with the result as the argument if the
run
method is used:- my %callbacks = (
- test => \&test_callback,
- plan => \&plan_callback,
- comment => \&comment_callback,
- bailout => \&bailout_callback,
- unknown => \&unknown_callback,
- );
- my $aggregator = TAP::Parser::Aggregator->new;
- for my $file ( @test_files ) {
- my $parser = TAP::Parser->new(
- {
- source => $file,
- callbacks => \%callbacks,
- }
- );
- $parser->run;
- $aggregator->add( $file, $parser );
- }
switches
If using a Perl file as a source, optional switches may be passed which will be used when invoking the perl executable.
- my $parser = TAP::Parser->new( {
- source => $test_file,
- switches => [ '-Ilib' ],
- } );
test_args
Used in conjunction with the
source
andexec
option to supply a reference to an@ARGV
style array of arguments to pass to the test program.spool
If passed a filehandle will write a copy of all parsed TAP to that handle.
merge
If false, STDERR is not captured (though it is 'relayed' to keep it somewhat synchronized with STDOUT.)
If true, STDERR and STDOUT are the same filehandle. This may cause breakage if STDERR contains anything resembling TAP format, but does allow exact synchronization.
Subtleties of this behavior may be platform-dependent and may change in the future.
grammar_class
This option was introduced to let you easily customize which grammar class the parser should use. It defaults to TAP::Parser::Grammar.
See also make_grammar.
result_factory_class
This option was introduced to let you easily customize which result factory class the parser should use. It defaults to TAP::Parser::ResultFactory.
See also make_result.
iterator_factory_class
CHANGED in 3.18
This option was introduced to let you easily customize which iterator factory class the parser should use. It defaults to TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory.
Instance Methods
next
This method returns the results of the parsing, one result at a time. Note that it is destructive. You can't rewind and examine previous results.
If callbacks are used, they will be issued before this call returns.
Each result returned is a subclass of TAP::Parser::Result. See that module and related classes for more information on how to use them.
run
- $parser->run;
This method merely runs the parser and parses all of the TAP.
make_grammar
Make a new TAP::Parser::Grammar object and return it. Passes through any arguments given.
The grammar_class
can be customized, as described in new.
make_result
Make a new TAP::Parser::Result object using the parser's TAP::Parser::ResultFactory, and return it. Passes through any arguments given.
The result_factory_class
can be customized, as described in new.
make_iterator_factory
NEW to 3.18.
Make a new TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory object and return it. Passes through any arguments given.
iterator_factory_class
can be customized, as described in new.
INDIVIDUAL RESULTS
If you've read this far in the docs, you've seen this:
Each result returned is a TAP::Parser::Result subclass, referred to as result types.
Result types
Basically, you fetch individual results from the TAP. The six types, with examples of each, are as follows:
- Version
- TAP version 12
- Plan
- 1..42
- Pragma
- pragma +strict
- Test
- ok 3 - We should start with some foobar!
- Comment
- # Hope we don't use up the foobar.
- Bailout
- Bail out! We ran out of foobar!
- Unknown
- ... yo, this ain't TAP! ...
Each result fetched is a result object of a different type. There are common methods to each result object and different types may have methods unique to their type. Sometimes a type method may be overridden in a subclass, but its use is guaranteed to be identical.
Common type methods
type
Returns the type of result, such as comment
or test
.
as_string
Prints a string representation of the token. This might not be the exact
output, however. Tests will have test numbers added if not present, TODO and
SKIP directives will be capitalized and, in general, things will be cleaned
up. If you need the original text for the token, see the raw
method.
raw
Returns the original line of text which was parsed.
is_plan
Indicates whether or not this is the test plan line.
is_test
Indicates whether or not this is a test line.
is_comment
Indicates whether or not this is a comment. Comments will generally only
appear in the TAP stream if STDERR is merged to STDOUT. See the
merge
option.
is_bailout
Indicates whether or not this is bailout line.
is_yaml
Indicates whether or not the current item is a YAML block.
is_unknown
Indicates whether or not the current line could be parsed.
is_ok
- if ( $result->is_ok ) { ... }
Reports whether or not a given result has passed. Anything which is not a test result returns true. This is merely provided as a convenient shortcut which allows you to do this:
plan
methods
- if ( $result->is_plan ) { ... }
If the above evaluates as true, the following methods will be available on the
$result
object.
plan
This is merely a synonym for as_string
.
directive
- my $directive = $result->directive;
If a SKIP directive is included with the plan, this method will return it.
- 1..0 # SKIP: why bother?
explanation
- my $explanation = $result->explanation;
If a SKIP directive was included with the plan, this method will return the explanation, if any.
pragma
methods
- if ( $result->is_pragma ) { ... }
If the above evaluates as true, the following methods will be available on the
$result
object.
pragmas
Returns a list of pragmas each of which is a + or - followed by the pragma name.
comment
methods
- if ( $result->is_comment ) { ... }
If the above evaluates as true, the following methods will be available on the
$result
object.
comment
bailout
methods
- if ( $result->is_bailout ) { ... }
If the above evaluates as true, the following methods will be available on the
$result
object.
explanation
If, and only if, a token is a bailout token, you can get an "explanation" via this method. The explanation is the text after the mystical "Bail out!" words which appear in the tap output.
unknown
methods
- if ( $result->is_unknown ) { ... }
There are no unique methods for unknown results.
test
methods
- if ( $result->is_test ) { ... }
If the above evaluates as true, the following methods will be available on the
$result
object.
ok
- my $ok = $result->ok;
Returns the literal text of the ok
or not ok
status.
number
- my $test_number = $result->number;
Returns the number of the test, even if the original TAP output did not supply that number.
description
- my $description = $result->description;
Returns the description of the test, if any. This is the portion after the test number but before the directive.
directive
- my $directive = $result->directive;
Returns either TODO
or SKIP
if either directive was present for a test
line.
explanation
- my $explanation = $result->explanation;
If a test had either a TODO
or SKIP
directive, this method will return
the accompanying explanation, if present.
- not ok 17 - 'Pigs can fly' # TODO not enough acid
For the above line, the explanation is not enough acid.
is_ok
- if ( $result->is_ok ) { ... }
Returns a boolean value indicating whether or not the test passed. Remember that for TODO tests, the test always passes.
Note: this was formerly passed
. The latter method is deprecated and
will issue a warning.
is_actual_ok
- if ( $result->is_actual_ok ) { ... }
Returns a boolean value indicating whether or not the test passed, regardless of its TODO status.
Note: this was formerly actual_passed
. The latter method is deprecated
and will issue a warning.
is_unplanned
- if ( $test->is_unplanned ) { ... }
If a test number is greater than the number of planned tests, this method will
return true. Unplanned tests will always return false for is_ok
,
regardless of whether or not the test has_todo
(see
TAP::Parser::Result::Test for more information about this).
has_skip
- if ( $result->has_skip ) { ... }
Returns a boolean value indicating whether or not this test had a SKIP directive.
has_todo
- if ( $result->has_todo ) { ... }
Returns a boolean value indicating whether or not this test had a TODO directive.
Note that TODO tests always pass. If you need to know whether or not
they really passed, check the is_actual_ok
method.
in_todo
- if ( $parser->in_todo ) { ... }
True while the most recent result was a TODO. Becomes true before the TODO result is returned and stays true until just before the next non- TODO test is returned.
TOTAL RESULTS
After parsing the TAP, there are many methods available to let you dig through the results and determine what is meaningful to you.
Individual Results
These results refer to individual tests which are run.
passed
This method lets you know which (or how many) tests passed. If a test failed but had a TODO directive, it will be counted as a passed test.
failed
This method lets you know which (or how many) tests failed. If a test passed but had a TODO directive, it will NOT be counted as a failed test.
actual_passed
This method lets you know which (or how many) tests actually passed, regardless of whether or not a TODO directive was found.
actual_ok
This method is a synonym for actual_passed
.
actual_failed
This method lets you know which (or how many) tests actually failed, regardless of whether or not a TODO directive was found.
todo
This method lets you know which (or how many) tests had TODO directives.
todo_passed
This method lets you know which (or how many) tests actually passed but were declared as "TODO" tests.
todo_failed
- # deprecated in favor of 'todo_passed'. This method was horribly misnamed.
This was a badly misnamed method. It indicates which TODO tests unexpectedly
succeeded. Will now issue a warning and call todo_passed
.
skipped
This method lets you know which (or how many) tests had SKIP directives.
Pragmas
pragma
Get or set a pragma. To get the state of a pragma:
- if ( $p->pragma('strict') ) {
- # be strict
- }
To set the state of a pragma:
- $p->pragma('strict', 1); # enable strict mode
pragmas
Get a list of all the currently enabled pragmas:
- my @pragmas_enabled = $p->pragmas;
Summary Results
These results are "meta" information about the total results of an individual test program.
plan
- my $plan = $parser->plan;
Returns the test plan, if found.
good_plan
Deprecated. Use is_good_plan
instead.
is_good_plan
- if ( $parser->is_good_plan ) { ... }
Returns a boolean value indicating whether or not the number of tests planned matches the number of tests run.
Note: this was formerly good_plan
. The latter method is deprecated and
will issue a warning.
And since we're on that subject ...
tests_planned
- print $parser->tests_planned;
Returns the number of tests planned, according to the plan. For example, a plan of '1..17' will mean that 17 tests were planned.
tests_run
- print $parser->tests_run;
Returns the number of tests which actually were run. Hopefully this will
match the number of $parser->tests_planned
.
skip_all
Returns a true value (actually the reason for skipping) if all tests were skipped.
start_time
Returns the wall-clock time when the Parser was created.
end_time
Returns the wall-clock time when the end of TAP input was seen.
start_times
Returns the CPU times (like times when the Parser was created.
end_times
Returns the CPU times (like times when the end of TAP input was seen.
has_problems
- if ( $parser->has_problems ) {
- ...
- }
This is a 'catch-all' method which returns true if any tests have currently failed, any TODO tests unexpectedly succeeded, or any parse errors occurred.
version
- $parser->version;
Once the parser is done, this will return the version number for the parsed TAP. Version numbers were introduced with TAP version 13 so if no version number is found version 12 is assumed.
exit
- $parser->exit;
Once the parser is done, this will return the exit status. If the parser ran an executable, it returns the exit status of the executable.
wait
- $parser->wait;
Once the parser is done, this will return the wait status. If the parser ran
an executable, it returns the wait status of the executable. Otherwise, this
merely returns the exit
status.
ignore_exit
- $parser->ignore_exit(1);
Tell the parser to ignore the exit status from the test when determining whether the test passed. Normally tests with non-zero exit status are considered to have failed even if all individual tests passed. In cases where it is not possible to control the exit value of the test script use this option to ignore it.
parse_errors
Fortunately, all TAP output is perfect. In the event that it is not, this
method will return parser errors. Note that a junk line which the parser does
not recognize is not
an error. This allows this parser to handle future
versions of TAP. The following are all TAP errors reported by the parser:
- Misplaced plan
The plan (for example, '1..5'), must only come at the beginning or end of the TAP output.
- No plan
Gotta have a plan!
- More than one plan
- 1..3
- ok 1 - input file opened
- not ok 2 - first line of the input valid # todo some data
- ok 3 read the rest of the file
- 1..3
Right. Very funny. Don't do that.
- Test numbers out of sequence
- 1..3
- ok 1 - input file opened
- not ok 2 - first line of the input valid # todo some data
- ok 2 read the rest of the file
That last test line above should have the number '3' instead of '2'.
Note that it's perfectly acceptable for some lines to have test numbers and others to not have them. However, when a test number is found, it must be in sequence. The following is also an error:
- 1..3
- ok 1 - input file opened
- not ok - first line of the input valid # todo some data
- ok 2 read the rest of the file
But this is not:
- 1..3
- ok - input file opened
- not ok - first line of the input valid # todo some data
- ok 3 read the rest of the file
get_select_handles
Get an a list of file handles which can be passed to select
to
determine the readiness of this parser.
delete_spool
Delete and return the spool.
- my $fh = $parser->delete_spool;
CALLBACKS
As mentioned earlier, a "callback" key may be added to the
TAP::Parser
constructor. If present, each callback corresponding to a
given result type will be called with the result as the argument if the
run
method is used. The callback is expected to be a subroutine
reference (or anonymous subroutine) which is invoked with the parser
result as its argument.
- my %callbacks = (
- test => \&test_callback,
- plan => \&plan_callback,
- comment => \&comment_callback,
- bailout => \&bailout_callback,
- unknown => \&unknown_callback,
- );
- my $aggregator = TAP::Parser::Aggregator->new;
- for my $file ( @test_files ) {
- my $parser = TAP::Parser->new(
- {
- source => $file,
- callbacks => \%callbacks,
- }
- );
- $parser->run;
- $aggregator->add( $file, $parser );
- }
Callbacks may also be added like this:
- $parser->callback( test => \&test_callback );
- $parser->callback( plan => \&plan_callback );
The following keys allowed for callbacks. These keys are case-sensitive.
test
Invoked if
$result->is_test
returns true.version
Invoked if
$result->is_version
returns true.plan
Invoked if
$result->is_plan
returns true.comment
Invoked if
$result->is_comment
returns true.bailout
Invoked if
$result->is_unknown
returns true.yaml
Invoked if
$result->is_yaml
returns true.unknown
Invoked if
$result->is_unknown
returns true.ELSE
If a result does not have a callback defined for it, this callback will be invoked. Thus, if all of the previous result types are specified as callbacks, this callback will never be invoked.
ALL
This callback will always be invoked and this will happen for each result after one of the above callbacks is invoked. For example, if Term::ANSIColor is loaded, you could use the following to color your test output:
- my %callbacks = (
- test => sub {
- my $test = shift;
- if ( $test->is_ok && not $test->directive ) {
- # normal passing test
- print color 'green';
- }
- elsif ( !$test->is_ok ) { # even if it's TODO
- print color 'white on_red';
- }
- elsif ( $test->has_skip ) {
- print color 'white on_blue';
- }
- elsif ( $test->has_todo ) {
- print color 'white';
- }
- },
- ELSE => sub {
- # plan, comment, and so on (anything which isn't a test line)
- print color 'black on_white';
- },
- ALL => sub {
- # now print them
- print shift->as_string;
- print color 'reset';
- print "\n";
- },
- );
EOF
Invoked when there are no more lines to be parsed. Since there is no accompanying TAP::Parser::Result object the
TAP::Parser
object is passed instead.
TAP GRAMMAR
If you're looking for an EBNF grammar, see TAP::Parser::Grammar.
BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY
The Perl-QA list attempted to ensure backwards compatibility with Test::Harness. However, there are some minor differences.
Differences
- TODO plans
A little-known feature of Test::Harness is that it supported TODO lists in the plan:
- 1..2 todo 2
- ok 1 - We have liftoff
- not ok 2 - Anti-gravity device activated
Under Test::Harness, test number 2 would pass because it was listed as a TODO test on the plan line. However, we are not aware of anyone actually using this feature and hard-coding test numbers is discouraged because it's very easy to add a test and break the test number sequence. This makes test suites very fragile. Instead, the following should be used:
- 1..2
- ok 1 - We have liftoff
- not ok 2 - Anti-gravity device activated # TODO
- 'Missing' tests
It rarely happens, but sometimes a harness might encounter 'missing tests:
- ok 1
- ok 2
- ok 15
- ok 16
- ok 17
Test::Harness would report tests 3-14 as having failed. For the
TAP::Parser
, these tests are not considered failed because they've never run. They're reported as parse failures (tests out of sequence).
SUBCLASSING
If you find you need to provide custom functionality (as you would have using
Test::Harness::Straps), you're in luck: TAP::Parser
and friends are
designed to be easily plugged-into and/or subclassed.
Before you start, it's important to know a few things:
All TAP::*
objects inherit from TAP::Object.
Many TAP::*
classes have a SUBCLASSING section to guide you.
Note that TAP::Parser
is designed to be the central "maker" - ie: it is
responsible for creating most new objects in the TAP::Parser::*
namespace.
This makes it possible for you to have a single point of configuring what subclasses should be used, which means that in many cases you'll find you only need to sub-class one of the parser's components.
The exception to this rule are SourceHandlers & Iterators, but those are both created with customizable IteratorFactory.
By subclassing, you may end up overriding undocumented methods. That's not a bad thing per se, but be forewarned that undocumented methods may change without warning from one release to the next - we cannot guarantee backwards compatibility. If any documented method needs changing, it will be deprecated first, and changed in a later release.
Parser Components
Sources
A TAP parser consumes input from a single raw source of TAP, which could come from anywhere (a file, an executable, a database, an IO handle, a URI, etc..). The source gets bundled up in a TAP::Parser::Source object which gathers some meta data about it. The parser then uses a TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory to determine which TAP::Parser::SourceHandler to use to turn the raw source into a stream of TAP by way of Iterators.
If you simply want TAP::Parser
to handle a new source of TAP you probably
don't need to subclass TAP::Parser
itself. Rather, you'll need to create a
new TAP::Parser::SourceHandler class, and just plug it into the parser using
the sources param to new. Before you start writing one, read through
TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory to get a feel for how the system works first.
If you find you really need to use your own iterator factory you can still do
so without sub-classing TAP::Parser
by setting iterator_factory_class.
If you just need to customize the objects on creation, subclass TAP::Parser and override make_iterator_factory.
Note that make_source
& make_perl_source
have been DEPRECATED and
are now removed.
Iterators
A TAP parser uses iterators to loop through the stream of TAP read in from the source it was given. There are a few types of Iterators available by default, all sub-classes of TAP::Parser::Iterator. Choosing which iterator to use is the responsibility of the iterator factory, though it simply delegates to the Source Handler it uses.
If you're writing your own TAP::Parser::SourceHandler, you may need to create your own iterators too. If so you'll need to subclass TAP::Parser::Iterator.
Note that make_iterator has been DEPRECATED and is now removed.
Results
A TAP parser creates TAP::Parser::Results as it iterates through the input stream. There are quite a few result types available; choosing which class to use is the responsibility of the result factory.
To create your own result types you have two options:
- option 1
Subclass TAP::Parser::Result and register your new result type/class with the default TAP::Parser::ResultFactory.
- option 2
Subclass TAP::Parser::ResultFactory itself and implement your own TAP::Parser::Result creation logic. Then you'll need to customize the class used by your parser by setting the
result_factory_class
parameter. See new for more details.
If you need to customize the objects on creation, subclass TAP::Parser and override make_result.
Grammar
TAP::Parser::Grammar is the heart of the parser. It tokenizes the TAP input stream and produces results. If you need to customize its behaviour you should probably familiarize yourself with the source first. Enough lecturing.
Subclass TAP::Parser::Grammar and customize your parser by setting the
grammar_class
parameter. See new for more details.
If you need to customize the objects on creation, subclass TAP::Parser and override make_grammar
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
All of the following have helped. Bug reports, patches, (im)moral support, or just words of encouragement have all been forthcoming.
- Michael Schwern
- Andy Lester
- chromatic
- GEOFFR
- Shlomi Fish
- Torsten Schoenfeld
- Jerry Gay
- Aristotle
- Adam Kennedy
- Yves Orton
- Adrian Howard
- Sean & Lil
- Andreas J. Koenig
- Florian Ragwitz
- Corion
- Mark Stosberg
- Matt Kraai
- David Wheeler
- Alex Vandiver
- Cosimo Streppone
- Ville Skyttä
AUTHORS
Curtis "Ovid" Poe <ovid@cpan.org>
Andy Armstong <andy@hexten.net>
Eric Wilhelm @ <ewilhelm at cpan dot org>
Michael Peters <mpeters at plusthree dot com>
Leif Eriksen <leif dot eriksen at bigpond dot com>
Steve Purkis <spurkis@cpan.org>
Nicholas Clark <nick@ccl4.org>
Lee Johnson <notfadeaway at btinternet dot com>
Philippe Bruhat <book@cpan.org>
BUGS
Please report any bugs or feature requests to
bug-test-harness@rt.cpan.org
, or through the web interface at
http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=Test-Harness.
We will be notified, and then you'll automatically be notified of
progress on your bug as we make changes.
Obviously, bugs which include patches are best. If you prefer, you can patch against bleed by via anonymous checkout of the latest version:
- git clone git://github.com/Perl-Toolchain-Gang/Test-Harness.git
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
Copyright 2006-2008 Curtis "Ovid" Poe, all rights reserved.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.